For most students (and, to be honest, your professors!) the mnemonic SOH-CAH-TOA (said "so-kah-toe-ahh") is helpful. Three trigonometric ratios that we use in the geosciences are called the sine, the cosine, and the tangent, although they are often abbreviated sin, cos, and tan, respectively.īecause the trigonometric functions come up over and over, it is a good idea to figure out a way to remember their definitions. ![]() We can use ratios (or the quotient) of the lengths of a right triangle's sides to figure out the angles in a right triangle. Some rules/guidelines for trigonometry of right triangles ![]() The side opposite the right angle, H, is always the longest side and is called the hypotenuse. The side "opposite" an angle (in this case) is labeled with a capital letter corresponding to the label on the angle. Note that the triangle on the right has 3 angles a, b and c and 3 sides, A, B, and H, and 3 angles a, b, and c. ![]() The other two angles are always less than 90 ° and together add up to 90 °. A right triangle (like the one in the figure to the right) has one angle that is 90 °.
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